STRATEGI PENCEGAHAN PRESSURE INJURIES (PI) BERDASARKAN EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE (EBP): A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
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ABSTRAK
Masih tingginya prevalensi kejadian Pressure Injuries (PI) di rumah sakit mengakibatkan budaya keselamatan pasien dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan keperawatan belum optimal. Telah banyak publikasi penelitian yang memberikan pilihan dalam menangani dan mencegah terjadi luka dekubitus. Namun hanya sebagian perawat saja yang menerapkan praktik berbasis bukti dalam layanan kesehatan di rumah sakit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui strategi pencegahan PI berdasarkan Evidence-Based Practice (EBP). Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian systematic review dengan sumber pencarian literature dilakukan pada empat portal jurnal terindeks yaitu PubMed, Wiley, ProQuest, dan Google Schoolar. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa artikel yang teridentifikasi sebanyak 3427 penelitian, kemudian dilakukan screening dengan mengekslusi artikel yang double publikasi dan bukan 10 tahun terakhir. Selanjutnya, mengeklusi artikel yang bukan jurnal penelitian, tidak free full text, dan tidak sesuai dengan variabel, sehingga menyisakan 11 artikel yang diinklusi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pencegahan PI dapat ditingkatkan dengan memaksimalkan asuhan keperawatan berdasarkan EBP. Hasil-hasil penelitian memberikan pilihan intervensi yang dapatkan diintegrasikan dalam pemberian pelayanan keperawatan untuk meningkatkan kualitas asuhan. Pencegahan PI tidak dapat dilakukan hanya dengan melaksanakan satu intervensi pencegahan saja. Memaksimalkan seluruh intervensi yang ada, dapat menurunkan kejadian PI. Diharapkan kepada perawat untuk terus meningkatkan kemampuan dan keterampilan dalam mencari dan menemukan hasil-hasil penelitian yang dapat digunakan dalam pencegahan PI. Intervensi berdasarkan EBP merupakan sebuah inovasi yang perlu ditingkatkan bagi semua perawat.
Kata Kunci : Perawat, Pressure Injuries, Evidence-Based Practice
ABSTRACT
The high prevalence of the incidence of Pressure Injuries (PI) in hospitals has resulted in a culture of patient safety in improving the quality of nursing services. There have been many research publications that provide options for managing and preventing pressure sores. However, only some nurses apply evidence-based practice in health services in hospitals. The aims of this study was to determine PI prevention strategies based on Evidence-Based Practice (EBP). This type of research is systematic review research with literature search sources conducted on four indexed journal portals, namely PubMed, Wiley, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. The results of this study indicate that 3427 research articles were identified, then screened by the exclusion of articles that were double publications and not the last 10 years. Furthermore, excluding articles that are not research journals, is not free full text, and does not fit into the variable, leaving 11 articles included. It can be concluded that PI prevention can be improved by maximizing nursing care based on EBP. The results of the study provide intervention options that are integrated into the delivery of nursing services to improve the quality of care. PI prevention cannot be carried out by implementing only one preventive intervention. Maximizing all existing interventions can reduce the incidence of PI. It is expected that nurses will continue to improve their abilities and skills in searching and finding research results that can be used in PI prevention. Interventions based on EBP are an innovation that needs to be improved for all nurses.
Keywords : Nurse, Pressure Injuries, Evidence-Based Practice
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